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S. Jayakumari , V. Ravichandiran , Malarkodi Velraj , Arun Kumar Singh , A. Vijaya Lakshmi

Abstract

Antiinflammatory activity of Adenanthera pavonina Linn. leaves were evaluated using formalin induced rat paw oedema model for acute inflammation and cotton pellet granuloma model for chronic inflammation. The leaves of the plant was extracted with methanol by cold maceration method. The methanolic extract was fractionated with water. The extract and its aqueous fraction were screened for its anti inflammatory activity at the dose levels of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg. Compared with control both showed significant activity against acute and chronic inflammation. Aqueous fraction of methanolic extract significantly inhibit the paw oedema in acute model and granuloma formation in chronic model with respect to the methanolic extract. The results indicates that the antiinfammatory activity of Adenanthera pavonina leaf extract could be through a inhibition of elevated prostaglandin biosynthesis and reduction of proliferative mass inflammed cells.The present results of anti inflammatory activity supports the folklore claim of Adenanthera pavonina leaves.

Keywords

Adenanthera pavonina, Formalin,cotton Pellet Granuloma, Anti Inflammatory

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Vinod Prakash ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ², H. C. Singh ³

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Etawah, U.P., IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Daleep Nagar, Kanpur, U.P., IN
3 College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Etawah, U.P., IN

Abstract

A participatory approach can be defined as one which deeply respects the knowledge of the local people and creates an environment in which local people can understand their potential, their capacity, and their power and come to develop their self esteem. PRA is defined as a way of enabling local people to analyze their living conditions, to share the outcomes of this analysis and to plan their activities. It is a 'handing over the stick from outsider to insider' in methods and action. The outsiders' role is that of a catalyst, a facilitator and convener of the processes within a community to alter its situation. PRA was carried out by a multidisciplinary team of scientist in Bhawanipura of Barhpura block of Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh. It is located approximately 18 km. away from Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Etawah. The Agro-climatic is south western semi arid zone with extreme summer and winter. Triangulations- Different methods were used for data collection to ensure objectively of data. These methods are briefly discussed here. On the spot visualization, personal and group interview, key information interview, secondary data source, semi structured interview and cartographic representation or mapping. The study revealed that the point guard crop was risky in the time of water coming in canal and resulted in unstable yield. Quality and quantity production of crop how can gate when non- availability of seed at time, imbalance use of fertilizers, insect-pest incidents, Jhoka and blast disease, weed infestation non-availability f labour at time of potato digging, non- timely supply of water in canal, distance of market for sale produce and paddy of transplanting. Therefore, planning should be done according to their problems.

Keywords

Pratools, Technology Dissemination Insect-pest Incidents

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Vinod Prakash ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ², Rajesh Rai ³

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Etawah, U.P., IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Daleep Nagar,kanpur, U.P., IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Daleep Nagar, Kanpur, U.P., IN

Abstract

Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) is the most effective tools which can be utilized to understand the technology adoption profit of the farming community and to get the first hand information about the needs, resources available, priorities, problems and prospects of the farming community. This process helps understanding the technology dissemination process, rural development activities, linkage mechanisms existing among research, training and extension, credit and input supply systems etc. (Jones, 1995). Highly productive/adoptive variety of moong like PDM 139 followed by K850 and Local variety in Table 5. Similarity, in Table 6 majority of production/ adoptive variety of paddy Pusa Sugandh 4 and 5 followed by Pro-Agro 6444, Kranti and Mahamaya and in Table 7 High productive/adoptive variety of wheat like PBW550 followed by PBW 343, Unnat halana and Local wheat variety. The major problems were non- availability of seed at time, imbalance use of fertilizers, problem of milk sale at higher rate, degradation in soil health day by day, lack of small scale industries centre for youth, insect-pest incidents, blast disease, weed infestation, non- availability of labour at time of potato digging, non- timely supply of water in canal, problem to wild animals and paddy transplanting and lack of establish ponds/watershed and rejuvenate.

Keywords

Swot, Pra, Strengths, Weaknesses

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N. M. Lal ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The development of insect-resistant high yielding varieties considered as a breakthrough in the modern production technology. Resistant varieties of plants offer an inexpensive preventive measure, generally compatible with chemical and nonchemical methods of pest control. These can be integrated with other methods in developing appropriate pest management programme. In view of the spectacular success achieved in reducing pest population, greater emphasis is now placed on the development of resistant varieties. The work on development of resistant varieties of rice whitebacked planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) has been stepped up only in last two decade and has led to the identification of several resistant sources.

Keywords

Whitebacked Planthopper, Sogatella Furcifera, Rice, Resistant Variety, Pest Management

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Dipti Soni Jaipuriar ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ², Shivadhar Sharma ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Technology and Science - Centre for Dental Study and Research (ITS-CDSR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, IN

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) regularly requires blood investigation. Investigation which can efficiently measure the common parameters without painful collection procedure can be beneficial for the patients. The study aimed at measuring and correlating salivary and serum glucose along with serum HbA1C in patients of type 2 DM. The study was an observational case control study carried over a period of one year and four months. It included 42 type 2 DM patients as cases and 41 non diabetic patients as controls, from 35 to 70 years of age. Blood and saliva samples were collected. Serum and salivary glucose with serum HbA1C levels were measured and analysed using SPSS version 16. 55% of study subjects were < 45 years. M: F ratio was 3:2. The mean FBS, mean salivary glucose and HbA1C in type 2DM was 155.8 mg/dl, 20.4 mg/dl and 8.35 where as in control group they were 88.9 mg/dl, 9.35 mg/dl and 5.5 respectively. The FBS and the salivary glucose correlated significantly (p<0.001) and HbA1c levels had strong positive linear correlation to FBS and salivary glucose. Saliva is an effective medium for regular assessment of sugar level in DM. Key words: Saliva; HbA1c; blood sugar; diabetes mellitus.

Keywords

Saliva, Hba1c, Blood Sugar, Diabetes Mellitus.

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Arun Kumar Singh ¹, Divakar Yadav ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics Engg., IET, Lucknow, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engg., IET, Lucknow, IN

Abstract

A reliable broadcast is communication primitive used to develop fault tolerant distributed applications. It in due course delivers messages to all participating sites irrespective of their ordering. Total order broadcast impose restriction on message ordering and satisfies total order requirement.

A clear specifications, rigorous validation and verification is key to obtain better design of dependable services in such applications. With the help of formal methods one can specify and verify systems in systematic rather than ad hoc manner. It reveals ambiguities, incompleteness, and inconsistencies in a system by facilitating clear specification, rigorous validation and verification.

In this paper, we present a formal development of total order broadcast. The model have been developed and checked by using event-B techniques supported by the RODIN tool. Event-B is a formal technique that supports the incremental design of a distributed applications using notion of refinements.

Keywords

Total Order Broadcast, Event-B, Reliable Broadcast.

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J. Rai ¹, Shesh Pratap Singh ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, C.S. Azad University Agriculture and Technolgy, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Etawah (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The study was carried out in Sadar block of district Pratapgarh in Uttar Pradesh with 30 aonla growers ( 8 marginal, 6 small and 16 big respondents) selected randomly with six villages of the selected block. The over all plantation cost of one hectare aonla was worked out of Rs.47000 .The cost of of gestation period was calculated as Rs.78876.60 for six years of gestation period. On an average cost of aonla production per hectare came to Rs.27386.02. The highest cost intake of 6-12 years orchard was worked out as Rs.33272.08/ha, while lowest cost was observed in 24 years and above aged orchard as Rs.23836.00/ha. The input-output analysis shows that aonla crop fetched on an average 5.45 times more return on investment of Rs. 1. Problems of insect-pest and diseases, lack of plant protection measures and lack of skilled human resource at peak season was observed as main constraints in the study area.

Keywords

Cost of Production, Plantation Cost, Gestation Period Cost, Cost-A, B, C.

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Arun Kumar Singh ¹, Nitin Vikram ², R. K. Pandey ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Biochemistry, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar, (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Ten germplasm of stored chickpea were tested for their resistance against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. under laboratory conditions during the year 2013 and 2014 at the Department of Entomology, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj- Faizabad. In above germplasm, the per cent seed moisture, per cent seed infestation, per cent seed germination and chemical composition of the seed were evaluated on the basis of their storage period before and after three months of storage. The results revealed that none of the germplasm was completely immune to the attack of C. chinensis. However, their response varied statistically significantly. Per cent infestation being main index of resistance, germplasm DCP 92-3 was found significantly highly tolerant and BG-256 least tolerant followed by NDG11-5, NDGK 98- 8, NDG 93-1, NDG 97-1, IPC 2004-52, BG-362, BG 50-28 and NDG 12-1, were significantly susceptible. The co-efficient of correlation between per cent infestation with per cent moisture content, protein content and fat content was positive significantly, and per cent germination was negative significant.

Keywords

Germplasm, Moisture, Infestation, Germination, Protein, Fat, Pulse Beetle.

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Arun Kumar Singh ¹, M. N. Lal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The effect of seven different botanical leaves, neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica), Congress grass leaf extract (Parthenium hysterophorus) Lemmon grass leaf extract (Cymbopogon citrates), Bhang leaf extract (Cymbopogon citrates), Garlic leaf extract (Allium sativum), Punch phuli leaf extract (Lantana camera) and Marigold Leaf extract (Tagetes erecta) on mustard aphid was assessed in field at Student's Instructional Farm of Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.). The dead aphids were counted on tagged plants on 10 cm terminal shoot from 10 randomly selected plant par plot. The botanical extracts showed varying effect on aphid population and neem leaf extract (T₁) inflicted consistently the maximum level of aphid mortality (77.33% and 71.76%) followed by Punch phuli leaf extract (74.35% and 70.96%) and Garlic leaf extract (73.19% and 62.17%) during seventh day after spray in both year 2009-2010 and 2010-2011. All the treatments of plant leaf extracts showed insecticidal activity, but Indian neem leaf extract followed by Punch phuli leaf extract and Garlic leaf extract reduced the aphid population to a great extent.

Keywords

Mustard Aphid, Botanical Leaves Extract, Yellow Sarson.

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Arun Kumar Singh ¹, M. N. Lal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The population dynamics of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on mustard in relation to weather parameters was studied at Students' Instructional Farm of Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.) during the Rabi 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 crop season. This study will provide an opportunity to face the pest challenge by manipulating the manageable ecological parameters in the form of planting or harvesting time adjustment, varietal selection, correct time of pesticide application, etc. The natural appearance of mustard aphid population was started from 2^nd week of January during the both year and reached its peak in 8^th standard week with 219.07/10cm terminal shoot and 199.10/10cm terminal shoot during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011. Studies indicated that mustard aphid incidence was higher when maximum and minimum temperature ranged between 9.30 to 25.90°C and 8.20 to 25.20°C, relative humidity during hours 64.75 and 67.6 per cent, rainfall 0.4 and 1.4 mm and sunshine hours 7.50 and 7.20 during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011, respectively. Mustard aphid population was build up showed a non significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (°C), humidity, rainfall, sunshine and non-significant negative correlation with minimum temperature during both the year.

Keywords

Lipaphis erysimi, Seasonal Incidence, Population Fluctuations, Correlation.

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J. Rai ¹, Rajesh Rai , Arun Kumar Singh

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The investigation was carried out during 2007-08 in block Bakshi Ka Talab of district Lucknow with thirty random sample of the vegetable growers. The economics and employment of three major vegetable viz., okra, cauliflower and tomato were worked out at different size group of farms. The average cost of cultivation for okra came to Rs.14870.68/ha which fetched a net income of Rs.10369.32 per hectare. The cauliflower crop reflect a net return of Rs.18192.01/ha on investment of Rs.17432.99 as input cost while tomato crop produced a net benefit of Rs.18106/ha by incurring a input cost of Rs.21774/ha. A comparative study revealed that tomato crop reflect highest gross return of Rs.39880/a while on the front of net return cauliflower proved best and tomato was at par. The cost of production per quintal of okra, cauliflower and tomato came to Rs.234.04, Rs.183.51 and Rs.218.31, respectively. The input-output analysis revealed that cauliflower crop proved to economical and remunerative fetched more than two times return over cost (1:2.04 B:CR) while tomato ranked second with 1.83 times benefit over investment. On employment front tomato generated highest employment days (60) followed by okra 45 man days and cauliflower 35 man days in the study area.

Keywords

Income, Employment, Family Labour Income, Farm Business Income, Cost of Production.

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J. Rai ¹, Shesh Pratap Singh ², Arun Kumar Singh ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, Chandra Shekhar Azad University Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, Chandra Shekhar Azad University Agriculture and Technolgy, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Etawah (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The study was carried out in Sadar block of district Pratapgarh in Uttar Pradesh with 30 Aonla growers (8 marginal, 6 small and 16 big respondents) selected randomly with six villages of the selected block. The over all plantation cost of one hectare aonla was worked out of Rs.47000. The cost of of gestation period was calculated as Rs.78876.60 for six years of gestation period. On an average cost of aonla production per hectare came to Rs.27386.02. The highest cost intake of 6-12 years orchard was worked out as Rs.33272.08/ha, while lowest cost was observed in 24 years and above aged orchard as Rs.23836.00/ha. The input-output analysis shows that aonla crop fetched on an average 5.45 times more return on investment of Re 1. Problems of insect-pest and diseases, lack of plant protection measures and lack of skilled human resource at peak season was observed as main constraints in the study area.

Keywords

Cost of Production, Plantation Cost, Gestation Period Cost, Cost-A, B, C.

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J. Rai ¹, Shesh Pratap Singh ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Etawah (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The study was carried out in Sadar block of district Pratapgarh in Uttar Pradesh with thirty Aonla growers (18 marginal, 6 small and 16 big farmers ) selected randomly from six village of the selected block. One mandi and three processing units were also selected to study the economics of different Aonla products and marketing functionaries. The investigation revealed that on an average investment of Rs. 510950 was needed to establish an Aonla processing unit. The cost of Morabba preparation worked out to Rs. 5594.40 for one quintal of Aonla morabba while cost of one quintal of aonla pickle preparation came to Rs. 4998.85 and Rs. 6073.45 worked out for preparation of one quintal of aonla chutney. There were four marketing channels observed to dispose of the aonla produce. Channel IV was more common to dispose off aonla and aonla produce in the study area. The highest producers’ share in consumers’ rupee was achieved in channel I (98.5 %) but only 10 per cent respondents followed this channel due to lack of demand in local. Channel III was second largest followed channel provide 60.5 per cent of the producers’ share in consumers’ rupee.

Keywords

Processing, Marketing, Price Spread, Producers’ Share in Consumers’ Rupee.

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Arun Kumar Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.), IN

Abstract

All the compounds of environment including water, air and soil etc, are today in the graim grip of pollution that invites a big damage to civilization. Among various pollutants, sulphur dioxide, cloroflorocarbons-11 and 12, methane etc., are most prominent. These noxious elements move to environment by fossil fuel burning, automobile exhaust, seepage material and the applied pesticides which are utilized presently at mass level to protect crops, human and animal health. The indiscriminate use of pesticide has been giving serious blows to the environment and the worst days are unavoidable, if adequate measures are not done in this matter. In the present agriculture scenario of crop production and productivity of agricultural products the used insecticides/ pesticides has become investable. It is needless to say that the luxurically grown crop attracts the number of insect-pests and no economic return from such fields is possible without offering adequate pesticide coverage. The pesticide applied on crops against pests create health hazards and pollution to environment and also induce resistance in insect-pests that become the cause of toxicity hazards, biological magnification, resurgence of insectpests and secondary pest problems etc.

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Ved Prakash ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Entomology, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj) Aayodhya (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The Bihar hairy caterpillar is an important pest of cowpea in central part of Uttar Pradesh. Its infestation caused high plant mortality which resulted in reduction in yield. Botanicals and chemicals components were fast and highly effectiveness against Spilarctia oblique viz., endosulfan (foliar spray), carbofuran + bavistin (seed treatment), botanical and organic Panchgavaya (foliar spray), ipomea leaf (foliar spray), ipomea leaf + cow urine fermented (foliar spray), callotropis leaf (foliar spray), callotropis leaf + cow urine fermented (foliar spray), were evaluated during Kharif 2016 and 2017 at the University farm. All the insecticidal treatments were significantly superior to untreated check. Amongst these, maximum and minimum insect mortality was observed in endosulfan (70.83 %) and ipomea leaf+cow urine (31.13 %) treated plots, respectively.

Keywords

Spilarctia oblique, Botanicals, Organic, Chemicals.

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Yasmin Yaqub ¹, Tanusree Dutta ², Raina Chhajer ³, Arun Kumar Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Lalpur Campus, Ranchi, IN
2 Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, IN
3 Indian Institute of Management, Indore, IN

Abstract

Transfer of training facilitates a knowledge-driven organizational culture that provides competitive advantage to the firm. A self-report survey was conducted on employees of an Indian public manufacturing organization. Data was collected from 156 respondents to test the mediating role of supervisory support using structural equation modelling (SEM) (AMOS 24). The major findings are: (1) Supervisory support is a significant predictor of training transfer (2) The mediating mechanism of supervisory support between transfer design, training readiness and transfer of training is empirically established (3) Transfer design was not directly related to training transfer. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.

Keywords

No Keywords.

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Sushanta Kumar Naik ¹, Pradip Kumar Sarkar ¹, Bikash Das ¹, Arun Kumar Singh ¹, Bhagwati Prasad Bhatt ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR Research Complex for the Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi 834 010, India, IN
2 ICAR Research Complex for the Eastern Region, ICAR Parisar, B. V. College, Patna 800 014, India, IN

Abstract

Biomass and carbon storage in orchard ecosystems serve as significant carbon sinks to reduce global warming. The objective of this study was to determine the best-fitted model for non-destructive prediction of dry biomass and carbon stock in Psidium guajava. Richard’s model was well validated and considered as best performing with lowest Akaike information criterion of 90.13, ischolar_main mean square error of 1.69 kg tree^–1 and highest adjusted R² of 0.981. Tree components like leaves, branches, bole, total above-ground biomass, total below ground biomass and ischolar_main biomass were fitted in Richard’s model for dry biomass and carbon stock prediction. The total dry biomass of P. guajava ranged from 0.54 to 9.26 Mg ha^–1 in 2–10- years-old orchards. The highest mean dry biomass across tree components was observed in branches, while ischolar_mains recorded the lowest mean biomass. The total carbon stock was 0.27 and 4.19 Mg ha^–1 with CO₂ sequestration potential of 0.76 and 11.54 Mg ha^–1 in 2-year and 10-year-old orchards respectively.

Keywords

Biomass production, carbon stock, global warming, growth models, Psidium guajava

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